![]() (Photo credit: Wikipedia)Īrchaeological sites: Casa Grande, Grewe, Vahki Inn Village, and Horvath sites. Image Taken by John Dodds in March of 2004. This community is recorded as several separate Casa Grande ruins under shelter shelter was built in the 1930s. The Grewe-Casa Grande Site was the largest Hohokam community in the middle Gila River valley it was located between two canals (Canal Casa Grande and Canal Coolidge). The distinctively modern looking roof that was built in 1932, to protect the Great House or Casa Grande, at the Casa Grande Ruins National Monument. The GRIC decided not to open this extremely sensitive prehistoric site to the public. Currently, the Hohokam Pima National Monument is located on Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) land and is under tribal ownership. After Snaketown was abandoned several minor settlements were founded in vicinity and continued to be occupied until the early 14th century AD. Overall, Snaketown boasted two ball courts, numerous trash mounds, a small ceremonial mound, a large central plaza, several large community houses, hundreds of residential pithouses, and may have been home to at least several thousand people. Following the last excavations the site was completely recovered with earth, leaving nothing visible above ground. At its height in the early 11th century, Snaketown was both the centre of the Hohokam culture and of the production of the distinctive Hohokam Buff Ware. Excavations conducted in the 1930s and in the 1960s revealed that the site was inhabited from about 300 BC to AD 1050. Snaketown is situated within the Hohokam Pima National Monument, located near Santan, Arizona. Snaketown was the typical Pre-classic Period settlement and preeminent community of the Hohokam culture area. Although sharing a common cultural expression each of these major villages has its own unique history of emergence, growth, and eventual abandonment. This is best understood from a review of their principal population centres, or more appropriately major villages. ![]() All rights reserved.The true measure of the Hohokam can only be derived from the sum of their material culture. Copyright © 2023, Columbia University Press. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. The region has been inhabited in historical times by the Pima and the Tohono O'Odham, although it is not entirely clear that the Hohokam were ancestral to either group. Debate persists regarding the fate of the Hohokam. Most archaeologists agree, however, that Hohokam culture evolved from local archaic antecedents (see Americas, antiquity and prehistory of the). Evidence also shows that they maintained extensive trade connections with groups further south, leading to speculation that the Hohokam settlements were founded by Mesoamerican migrants. Many architectural features of Hohokam settlements, including sunken ball-courts and pyramidal mounds, bear striking similarities to structures common among contemporary populations in central Mexico. They are noted for their extensive irrigation systems, with canals over 10 mi (16 km) long that channeled water to agricultural fields in an otherwise arid and inhospitable environment. Hohokam hō´hōkăm˝, hōhō´kəm, term denoting the culture of the ancient agricultural populations inhabiting the Salt and Gila river valleys of S Arizona (AD 300–1200).
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